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  • A Hindu pilgrim walks alongside the Ganges River at Varanasi.
    india-2004-jeffrey-G04.jpg
  • Rev Apoloniar Escobar, pastor of the Presbyterian Church of Colombia, lives in Carepa, Urabá. I’ve been working as a pastor for four years here. The issue of water is complicated. Sometimes there’s too much, sometimes not enough. We have water from pipes, but it’s not clean enough for human consumption, we’ve had health problems here. We’ve had people killed here, and thrown into the reservoir that the water comes from. Some people have bought filters, others buy purified water from the shops so they can drink. Some people have a well, some collected rainwater. <br />
<br />
This river is seriously deteriorating. When the water rises, with heavy rainfall, we have many houses here in high risk of flooding or being washed away. Some people have to leave their houses to save their lives, sometimes in the middle of night. Sometimes they lose their furniture, and we’ve helped them, as the church. When the river begins to grow, it’s hard for people to sleep at night, waiting to see if there’s a flood, or if the houses are going to be washed away. The people on the edge of the river, during the winter, they have problems. The river water is so dirty, that if people wash in it, afterwards they have to wash off the river water. In the summer, the water is low in the river and in the reservoir, so we have little water, it’s rationed, or sometimes the municipality has to take a tanker of water around to the houses.<br />
<br />
At the moment we’ve had three days without water, the rainwater has been so strong that it washed away part of the big pipe that brings the water to town, and it’s still so strong that the workers can’t fix it.<br />
<br />
The sand extraction is a major influence on the river. The regional government, of Antioquia, has sold the river to a company. The company is extracting around 180 lorryloads of sand every day, they have excavators and a fleet of dump trucks. Down river this has a huge effect, the river is speeding up, it is changing its course quickly, eroding
    Colombia_Hawkey_water_20170909_309.jpg
  • Men dig sand by hand on the Carepa River, Urabá. Horse-drawn carts and lorries are loaded with river sand and sold for local building work. These small artisanal operations are incomparable to the industrial removal of sand up-river where 200 lorry-loads are removed daily to be used on large infrastructure projects like highways. The large-scale mining of sand changes the speed and course of the river, creating environmental problems and danger for people who live near the river as it changes course. Near Carepa city, the river has changed course by 100m in recent years, taking houses with it. Currently it is just a few metres from housing and moving closer daily.
    Colombia_Hawkey_water_20170909_197.jpg
  • Men dig sand by hand on the Carepa River, Urabá. Horse-drawn carts and lorries are loaded with river sand and sold for local building work. These small artisanal operations are incomparable to the industrial removal of sand up-river where 200 lorry-loads are removed daily to be used on large infrastructure projects like highways. The large-scale mining of sand changes the speed and course of the river, creating environmental problems and danger for people who live near the river as it changes course. Near Carepa city, the river has changed course by 100m in recent years, taking houses with it. Currently it is just a few metres from housing and moving closer daily.
    Colombia_Hawkey_water_20170909_118.jpg
  • The Carepa river has a huge rise and fall. With prolonged heavy rainfall the river washes over the top of the riverbank. The speed of the water, and its erosive power, is increased by sand mining upriver. A commercial sand mining operation takes out around 200 large lorryloads of sand daily and this increases the speed and changes the course of the river. In this area at the edge of Carepa city, known as El Playón, people survey the river, and the erosion from the previous night. Underground pipes have been exposed  and the edge of the river bank is now less than 10m from houses..
    Colombia_Hawkey_water_20170910_383.jpg
  • Men dig sand by hand on the Carepa River, Urabá. Horse-drawn carts and lorries are loaded with river sand and sold for local building work. These small artisanal operations are incomparable to the industrial removal of sand up-river where 200 lorry-loads are removed daily to be used on large infrastructure projects like highways. The large-scale mining of sand changes the speed and course of the river, creating environmental problems and danger for people who live near the river as it changes course. Near Carepa city, the river has changed course by 100m in recent years, taking houses with it. Currently it is just a few metres from housing and moving closer daily.
    Colombia_Hawkey_water_20170909_093.jpg
  • Men dig sand by hand on the Carepa River, Urabá. Horse-drawn carts and lorries are loaded with river sand and sold for local building work. These small artisanal operations are incomparable to the industrial removal of sand up-river where 200 lorry-loads are removed daily to be used on large infrastructure projects like highways. The large-scale mining of sand changes the speed and course of the river, creating environmental problems and danger for people who live near the river as it changes course. Near Carepa city, the river has changed course by 100m in recent years, taking houses with it. Currently it is just a few metres from housing and moving closer daily.
    Colombia_Hawkey_water_20170909_115.jpg
  • A boy plays in a stream that feeds the Pedro Cubas river in Pedro Cubas quilombo.<br />
<br />
Pedro Cubas is one of many quilombos that is taking part in the Movement of People Affected by Dams (Movimento dos Atingidos por Barragens, MAB) who are in active resistance against new dams in the region. The quilombo sits on the small river also called Pedro Cubas.<br />
<br />
Quilombos are remote hinterland settlements in Brazil set up by escaped slaves of African origin. Though most of them were destroyed by slave owners and the Brazilian state, today there are around 5,000 recognised quilombos in Brazil. Slavery was legal in Brazil for four centuries and some five million slaves were brought to Brazil, most of them from the Angola area. Today the largest population of people of African descent in the world, with the exception of Nigeria, is Brazil.<br />
<br />
When the owner of the Caiacanga farm died in the 18th century, the slaves he owned disappeared and hid in the forest, one of them was Gregorio Marinho who established the Pedro Cubas quilombo with other escaped slaves from farms and the gold mines in the region.<br />
<br />
The Pedro Cubas community has 3,800 hectares and around 60 families and 230 people, most of them under 15.<br />
<br />
The community farms collectively to produce cassava, yam, sweet potato, corn, beans, banana and sugar cane. <br />
<br />
Like many quilombos, it is remote. For centuries, rivers were the main means of transport, so the closer a quilombo community was to a large river, the greater the likelihood of being discovered and destroyed. The 5000 quilombos that survived are mainly in hinterlands and access can be difficult. To reach Pedro Cubas the river to cross on the only way in is using a ferry that is operated without an engine, using only the flow of the river.<br />
<br />
The lands of Pedro Cubas were partially titled in 2003 by the government of the State of São Paulo. But, despite the decree, non-quilombola occupants remain in the area.
    Brazil_Hawkey_water_WCC_20170914_164.jpg
  • A boy plays in a stream that feeds the Pedro Cubas river in Pedro Cubas quilombo.<br />
<br />
Pedro Cubas is one of many quilombos that is taking part in the Movement of People Affected by Dams (Movimento dos Atingidos por Barragens, MAB) who are in active resistance against new dams in the region. The quilombo sits on the small river also called Pedro Cubas.<br />
<br />
Quilombos are remote hinterland settlements in Brazil set up by escaped slaves of African origin. Though most of them were destroyed by slave owners and the Brazilian state, today there are around 5,000 recognised quilombos in Brazil. Slavery was legal in Brazil for four centuries and some five million slaves were brought to Brazil, most of them from the Angola area. Today the largest population of people of African descent in the world, with the exception of Nigeria, is Brazil.<br />
<br />
When the owner of the Caiacanga farm died in the 18th century, the slaves he owned disappeared and hid in the forest, one of them was Gregorio Marinho who established the Pedro Cubas quilombo with other escaped slaves from farms and the gold mines in the region.<br />
<br />
The Pedro Cubas community has 3,800 hectares and around 60 families and 230 people, most of them under 15.<br />
<br />
The community farms collectively to produce cassava, yam, sweet potato, corn, beans, banana and sugar cane. <br />
<br />
Like many quilombos, it is remote. For centuries, rivers were the main means of transport, so the closer a quilombo community was to a large river, the greater the likelihood of being discovered and destroyed. The 5000 quilombos that survived are mainly in hinterlands and access can be difficult. To reach Pedro Cubas the river to cross on the only way in is using a ferry that is operated without an engine, using only the flow of the river.<br />
<br />
The lands of Pedro Cubas were partially titled in 2003 by the government of the State of São Paulo. But, despite the decree, non-quilombola occupants remain in the area.
    Brazil_Hawkey_water_WCC_20170914_131.jpg
  • Tomas Rivero rows the boat as Samuel Delgado casts a net as the two men fish on the Pilcomayo River outside of Villamontes, Bolivia. Rivero is a leader of the Union of Pilcomayo River Fishers, and an advocate for cleaning up the river, which has been plagued by contamination from upstream mining and road construction. This portion of the river is inside the protected Aguaragüe National Park and Integrated Management Natural Area.
    bolivia_2014_jeffrey_chaco_824-05.JPG
  • A girl jumps into the Pedro Cubas river.<br />
<br />
Pedro Cubas is one of many quilombos that is taking part in the Movement of People Affected by Dams (Movimento dos Atingidos por Barragens, MAB) who are in active resistance against new dams in the region. The quilombo sits on the small river also called Pedro Cubas.<br />
<br />
Quilombos are remote hinterland settlements in Brazil set up by escaped slaves of African origin. Though most of them were destroyed by slave owners and the Brazilian state, today there are around 5,000 recognised quilombos in Brazil. Slavery was legal in Brazil for four centuries and some five million slaves were brought to Brazil, most of them from the Angola area. Today the largest population of people of African descent in the world, with the exception of Nigeria, is Brazil.<br />
<br />
When the owner of the Caiacanga farm died in the 18th century, the slaves he owned disappeared and hid in the forest, one of them was Gregorio Marinho who established the Pedro Cubas quilombo with other escaped slaves from farms and the gold mines in the region.<br />
<br />
The Pedro Cubas community has 3,800 hectares and around 60 families and 230 people, most of them under 15.<br />
<br />
The community farms collectively to produce cassava, yam, sweet potato, corn, beans, banana and sugar cane. <br />
<br />
Like many quilombos, it is remote. For centuries, rivers were the main means of transport, so the closer a quilombo community was to a large river, the greater the likelihood of being discovered and destroyed. The 5000 quilombos that survived are mainly in hinterlands and access can be difficult. To reach Pedro Cubas the river to cross on the only way in is using a ferry that is operated without an engine, using only the flow of the river.<br />
<br />
The lands of Pedro Cubas were partially titled in 2003 by the government of the State of São Paulo. But, despite the decree, non-quilombola occupants remain in the area.
    Brazil_Hawkey_water_WCC_20170914_415.jpg
  • A boy in the Pedro Cubas river.<br />
<br />
Pedro Cubas is one of many quilombos that is taking part in the Movement of People Affected by Dams (Movimento dos Atingidos por Barragens, MAB) who are in active resistance against new dams in the region. The quilombo sits on the small river also called Pedro Cubas.<br />
<br />
Quilombos are remote hinterland settlements in Brazil set up by escaped slaves of African origin. Though most of them were destroyed by slave owners and the Brazilian state, today there are around 5,000 recognised quilombos in Brazil. Slavery was legal in Brazil for four centuries and some five million slaves were brought to Brazil, most of them from the Angola area. Today the largest population of people of African descent in the world, with the exception of Nigeria, is Brazil.<br />
<br />
When the owner of the Caiacanga farm died in the 18th century, the slaves he owned disappeared and hid in the forest, one of them was Gregorio Marinho who established the Pedro Cubas quilombo with other escaped slaves from farms and the gold mines in the region.<br />
<br />
The Pedro Cubas community has 3,800 hectares and around 60 families and 230 people, most of them under 15.<br />
<br />
The community farms collectively to produce cassava, yam, sweet potato, corn, beans, banana and sugar cane. <br />
<br />
Like many quilombos, it is remote. For centuries, rivers were the main means of transport, so the closer a quilombo community was to a large river, the greater the likelihood of being discovered and destroyed. The 5000 quilombos that survived are mainly in hinterlands and access can be difficult. To reach Pedro Cubas the river to cross on the only way in is using a ferry that is operated without an engine, using only the flow of the river.<br />
<br />
The lands of Pedro Cubas were partially titled in 2003 by the government of the State of São Paulo. But, despite the decree, non-quilombola occupants remain in the area.
    Brazil_Hawkey_water_WCC_20170914_503.jpg
  • Juana Zuniga, Guapinol, partner of José Abelino Cedillo, one of the men who has been in prison for 15 months for protesting against the mining company in Guapinol.<br />
<br />
"The struggle we have here is in defence of this lovely river. The mining company Los Pinares ha been causing damage here since 2018. We began our struggle when we couldn't use the water from this river for seven months, it's essential for this community. This river provides the water for more than 3,000 people in the community... We began our struggle, a non-violent struggle, we wanted to recover our river as when the mining company started work the water turned into thick chocolatey substance that even the animals didn't want to drink. It was sad, we had to start buying large bottles of water. But some people didn't have the money to do that, we suffered seven months with water like that. Thank God, the water is clean again, but the flow is reduced, we don't know what the mine is doing to make that happen. For us, water is life, it is eveything. We have eight men in prison in Olanchito, without any evidence against them, we want them back, and we want the mining company to leave."
    Honduras_Hawkey_Eta_Iota_105.jpg
  • Tomas Rivero rows a boat on the Pilcomayo River outside of Villamontes, Bolivia. He is a leader of the Union of Pilcomayo River Fishers, and an advocate for cleaning up the river, which has been plagued by contamination from upstream mining and road construction. This portion of the river is inside the protected Aguaragüe National Park and Integrated Management Natural Area.
    bolivia_2014_jeffrey_chaco_824-22.JPG
  • Tomas Rivero rows a boat on the Pilcomayo River outside of Villamontes, Bolivia. He is a leader of the Union of Pilcomayo River Fishers, and an advocate for cleaning up the river, which has been plagued by contamination from upstream mining and road construction. This portion of the river is inside the protected Aguaragüe National Park and Integrated Management Natural Area.
    bolivia_2014_jeffrey_chaco_824-20.JPG
  • Tomas Rivero rows a boat on the Pilcomayo River outside of Villamontes, Bolivia. He is a leader of the Union of Pilcomayo River Fishers, and an advocate for cleaning up the river, which has been plagued by contamination from upstream mining and road construction. This portion of the river is inside the protected Aguaragüe National Park and Integrated Management Natural Area.
    bolivia_2014_jeffrey_chaco_824-19.JPG
  • Tomas Rivero casts a net as he fishes on the Pilcomayo River outside of Villamontes, Bolivia. He is a leader of the Union of Pilcomayo River Fishers, and an advocate for cleaning up the river, which has been plagued by contamination from upstream mining and road construction. This portion of the river is inside the protected Aguaragüe National Park and Integrated Management Natural Area.
    bolivia_2014_jeffrey_chaco_824-18.JPG
  • Tomas Rivero casts a net as he fishes on the Pilcomayo River outside of Villamontes, Bolivia. He is a leader of the Union of Pilcomayo River Fishers, and an advocate for cleaning up the river, which has been plagued by contamination from upstream mining and road construction. This portion of the river is inside the protected Aguaragüe National Park and Integrated Management Natural Area.
    bolivia_2014_jeffrey_chaco_824-16.JPG
  • Tomas Rivero casts a net as he fishes on the Pilcomayo River outside of Villamontes, Bolivia. He is a leader of the Union of Pilcomayo River Fishers, and an advocate for cleaning up the river, which has been plagued by contamination from upstream mining and road construction. This portion of the river is inside the protected Aguaragüe National Park and Integrated Management Natural Area.
    bolivia_2014_jeffrey_chaco_824-17.JPG
  • Tomas Rivero fishes for a living on the Pilcomayo River outside of Villamontes, Bolivia. He is a leader of the Union of Pilcomayo River Fishers, and an advocate for cleaning up the river, which has been plagued by contamination from upstream mining and road construction. This portion of the river is inside the protected Aguaragüe National Park and Integrated Management Natural Area.
    bolivia_2014_jeffrey_chaco_824-15.JPG
  • Tomas Rivero fishes for a living on the Pilcomayo River outside of Villamontes, Bolivia. He is a leader of the Union of Pilcomayo River Fishers, and an advocate for cleaning up the river, which has been plagued by contamination from upstream mining and road construction. This portion of the river is inside the protected Aguaragüe National Park and Integrated Management Natural Area.
    bolivia_2014_jeffrey_chaco_824-14.JPG
  • Tomas Rivero fishes for a living on the Pilcomayo River outside of Villamontes, Bolivia. He is a leader of the Union of Pilcomayo River Fishers, and an advocate for cleaning up the river, which has been plagued by contamination from upstream mining and road construction. This portion of the river is inside the protected Aguaragüe National Park and Integrated Management Natural Area.
    bolivia_2014_jeffrey_chaco_824-13.JPG
  • Tomas Rivero rows the boat as Samuel Delgado casts a net as the two men fish on the Pilcomayo River outside of Villamontes, Bolivia. Rivero is a leader of the Union of Pilcomayo River Fishers, and an advocate for cleaning up the river, which has been plagued by contamination from upstream mining and road construction. This portion of the river is inside the protected Aguaragüe National Park and Integrated Management Natural Area.
    bolivia_2014_jeffrey_chaco_824-10.JPG
  • Tomas Rivero casts a net as he fishes on the Pilcomayo River outside of Villamontes, Bolivia. He is a leader of the Union of Pilcomayo River Fishers, and an advocate for cleaning up the river, which has been plagued by contamination from upstream mining and road construction. This portion of the river is inside the protected Aguaragüe National Park and Integrated Management Natural Area.
    bolivia_2014_jeffrey_chaco_824-11.JPG
  • Tomas Rivero rows the boat as Samuel Delgado casts a net as the two men fish on the Pilcomayo River outside of Villamontes, Bolivia. Rivero is a leader of the Union of Pilcomayo River Fishers, and an advocate for cleaning up the river, which has been plagued by contamination from upstream mining and road construction. This portion of the river is inside the protected Aguaragüe National Park and Integrated Management Natural Area.
    bolivia_2014_jeffrey_chaco_824-09.JPG
  • Tomas Rivero rows the boat as Samuel Delgado casts a net as the two men fish on the Pilcomayo River outside of Villamontes, Bolivia. Rivero is a leader of the Union of Pilcomayo River Fishers, and an advocate for cleaning up the river, which has been plagued by contamination from upstream mining and road construction. This portion of the river is inside the protected Aguaragüe National Park and Integrated Management Natural Area.
    bolivia_2014_jeffrey_chaco_824-06.JPG
  • Tomas Rivero rows the boat as Samuel Delgado casts a net as the two men fish on the Pilcomayo River outside of Villamontes, Bolivia. Rivero is a leader of the Union of Pilcomayo River Fishers, and an advocate for cleaning up the river, which has been plagued by contamination from upstream mining and road construction. This portion of the river is inside the protected Aguaragüe National Park and Integrated Management Natural Area.
    bolivia_2014_jeffrey_chaco_824-04.JPG
  • Tomas Rivero rows the boat as Samuel Delgado casts a net as the two men fish on the Pilcomayo River outside of Villamontes, Bolivia. Rivero is a leader of the Union of Pilcomayo River Fishers, and an advocate for cleaning up the river, which has been plagued by contamination from upstream mining and road construction. This portion of the river is inside the protected Aguaragüe National Park and Integrated Management Natural Area.
    bolivia_2014_jeffrey_chaco_824-01.JPG
  • Tomas Rivero rows the boat as Samuel Delgado casts a net as the two men fish on the Pilcomayo River outside of Villamontes, Bolivia. Rivero is a leader of the Union of Pilcomayo River Fishers, and an advocate for cleaning up the river, which has been plagued by contamination from upstream mining and road construction. This portion of the river is inside the protected Aguaragüe National Park and Integrated Management Natural Area.
    bolivia_2014_jeffrey_chaco_824-02.JPG
  • A bridge over the Choluteca River, also known as the Rio Grande. With the prolonged droughts in this region, because of climate change, the river frequently dries up except for ponds on the river bed.
    Honduras_Hawkey_LWF_0040.jpg
  • At El Playón, on the edge of Carepa city, the river is changing course and moving closer to the housing every day. Political decisions to sell the river to a commercial sand mining operation have resulted in massive river erosion that is affecting the security of Carepa city dwellers. Every night of rainfall more erosion of the river bank happens and more trees are washed away.
    Colombia_Hawkey_water_20170909_134.jpg
  • Juana Zuniga, Guapinol, partner of José Abelino Cedillo, one of the men who has been in prison for 15 months for protesting against the mining company in Guapinol.<br />
<br />
"The struggle we have here is in defence of this lovely river. The mining company Los Pinares ha been causing damage here since 2018. We began our struggle when we couldn't use the water from this river for seven months, it's essential for this community. This river provides the water for more than 3,000 people in the community... We began our struggle, a non-violent struggle, we wanted to recover our river as when the mining company started work the water turned into thick chocolatey substance that even the animals didn't want to drink. It was sad, we had to start buying large bottles of water. But some people didn't have the money to do that, we suffered seven months with water like that. Thank God, the water is clean again, but the flow is reduced, we don't know what the mine is doing to make that happen. For us, water is life, it is eveything. We have eight men in prison in Olanchito, without any evidence against them, we want them back, and we want the mining company to leave."
    Honduras_Hawkey_Eta_Iota_106.jpg
  • Tomas Rivero rows a boat on the Pilcomayo River outside of Villamontes, Bolivia. He is a leader of the Union of Pilcomayo River Fishers, and an advocate for cleaning up the river, which has been plagued by contamination from upstream mining and road construction. This portion of the river is inside the protected Aguaragüe National Park and Integrated Management Natural Area.
    bolivia_2014_jeffrey_chaco_824-21.JPG
  • Tomas Rivero rows the boat as Samuel Delgado casts a net as the two men fish on the Pilcomayo River outside of Villamontes, Bolivia. Rivero is a leader of the Union of Pilcomayo River Fishers, and an advocate for cleaning up the river, which has been plagued by contamination from upstream mining and road construction. This portion of the river is inside the protected Aguaragüe National Park and Integrated Management Natural Area.
    bolivia_2014_jeffrey_chaco_824-08.JPG
  • Tomas Rivero displays a fish he caught on the Pilcomayo River outside of Villamontes, Bolivia. The river has been plagued by contamination from upstream mining and road construction. This portion of the river is inside the protected Aguaragüe National Park and Integrated Management Natural Area.
    bolivia_2014_jeffrey_chaco_824-07.JPG
  • A bridge over the Rio Iztoca in southern Honduras. Though it is the rainy season, the river bed is dry. The river has dried up in recent years, along with many other rivers in the region, this is thought to be partly from stripping of vegetation and forest cover in the watersheds that feed the rivers in the south, and also due to the influence of climate change. The IPCC predicted a likelihood of reduced rainfall in the region. Agriculture has already been failing in the area for eight years because of drought conditions.
    Honduras_Hawkey_Choluteca_20170223_4...jpg
  • Oscar Alexis Maldonado Ramírez rides his horse 'Palomo' along a stretch of the Rio Nacaome. <br />
<br />
"We're in the middle of the river, in the middle of what was the river, it shouldn't be like this should it? Even when it rains, which is rare now, the water disappears quickly, the crops fail without irrigation, but now the wells keep drying up so we can't irrigate. I've just taken my cattle away, they can't survive here without water. In fact we can't survive here without water."
    Honduras_Hawkey_Choluteca_20170224_4...jpg
  • A Weenhayek indigenous man pulls a fishing net from the Pilcomayo River outside of Villamontes, Bolivia. The river has been plagued by contamination from upstream mining and road construction, and the Weenhayek have had to struggle against large agricultural plantations and cattleraisers to retain access to the river.
    bolivia_2014_jeffrey_chaco_824-27.JPG
  • A Weenhayek indigenous man pulls a fishing net from the Pilcomayo River outside of Villamontes, Bolivia. The river has been plagued by contamination from upstream mining and road construction, and the Weenhayek have had to struggle against large agricultural plantations and cattleraisers to retain access to the river.
    bolivia_2014_jeffrey_chaco_824-26.JPG
  • Weenhayek indigenous fishers pull in a net on the Pilcomayo River outside of Villamontes, Bolivia. The river has been plagued by contamination from upstream mining and road construction, and the Weenhayek have had to struggle against large agricultural plantations and cattleraisers to retain access to the river.
    bolivia_2014_jeffrey_chaco_824-23.JPG
  • Maria collects water from a pond on the Choluteca River, also known as the Rio Grande. With the prolonged droughts in this region, because of climate change, the river frequently dries up except for ponds on the river bed.
    Honduras_Hawkey_LWF_0071.jpg
  • Migrants and others cross the Suchiate River where it forms a border between Guatemala and Mexico. The river crossing is part of the main route that Central American migrants follow on their way north.
    mexico-2013-jeffrey-migrants-C436.JPG
  • Migrants and others cross the Suchiate River where it forms a border between Guatemala and Mexico. The river crossing is part of the main route that Central American migrants follow on their way north.
    mexico-2013-jeffrey-migrants-C371.JPG
  • Migrants and others cross the Suchiate River where it forms a border between Guatemala and Mexico. The river crossing is part of the main route that Central American migrants follow on their way north.
    mexico-2013-jeffrey-migrants-C351.JPG
  • Accompanied by his son Juan, Crisanto Pop Ax steers his launch down the Salinas River at Santa Elena, in Guatemala's Peten region. Here the river forms the border between Guatemala and Mexico.
    guatemala-2009-jeffrey-peten-53.jpg
  • Accompanied by his son Juan, Crisanto Pop Ax steers his launch down the Salinas River at Santa Elena, in Guatemala's Peten region. Here the river forms the border between Guatemala and Mexico.
    guatemala-2009-jeffrey-peten-51.jpg
  • Children playing at sunset in the Salinas River in Santa Elena, Guatemala. On the other side of the river is Mexico.
    guatemala-2009-jeffrey-peten-34.jpg
  • Children playing at sunset in the Salinas River in Santa Elena, Guatemala. On the other side of the river is Mexico.
    guatemala-2009-jeffrey-peten-33.jpg
  • Children playing at sunset in the Salinas River in Santa Elena, Guatemala. On the other side of the river is Mexico.
    guatemala-2009-jeffrey-peten-31.jpg
  • Wichi indigenous men fishing in the Pilcomayo River in Santa Victoria Este, Argentina. The Wichi in this area, largely traditional hunters and gatherers, have struggled for decades to recover land that has been systematically stolen from them by cattleraisers and large agricultural plantations, and to preserve their access to a river which has suffered increasing levels of contamination from upstream mining and other uses. After years of negotiation supported by Church World Service, a landmark 2014 agreement will divide the land in this region between indigenous communities and settlers, guaranteeing the survival of the Wichi and their access to the river.
    argentina_2014_jeffrey_chaco_822-39.JPG
  • A Wichi indigenous man uses a net to catch a fish in the Pilcomayo River in Santa Victoria Este, Argentina. The Wichi in this area, largely traditional hunters and gatherers, have struggled for decades to recover land that has been systematically stolen from them by cattleraisers and large agricultural plantations, and to preserve their access to a river which has suffered increasing levels of contamination from upstream mining and other uses. After years of negotiation supported by Church World Service, a landmark 2014 agreement will divide the land in this region between indigenous communities and settlers, guaranteeing the survival of the Wichi and their access to the river.
    argentina_2014_jeffrey_chaco_822-33.JPG
  • Jorge Pinto, a Wichi indigenous man, casts his fishing net into the Pilcomayo River in Santa Victoria Este, Argentina. The Wichi in this area, largely traditional hunters and gatherers, have struggled for decades to recover land that has been systematically stolen from them by cattleraisers and large agricultural plantations, and to preserve their access to a river which has suffered increasing levels of contamination from upstream mining and other uses. After years of negotiation supported by Church World Service, a landmark 2014 agreement will divide the land in this region between indigenous communities and settlers, guaranteeing the survival of the Wichi and their access to the river.
    argentina_2014_jeffrey_chaco_822-31.JPG
  • Weenhayek indigenous fishers harvest fish from the Pilcomayo River outside of Villamontes, Bolivia. The river has been plagued by contamination from upstream mining and road construction, and the Weenhayek have had to struggle against large agricultural plantations and cattleraisers to retain access to the river.
    bolivia_2014_jeffrey_chaco_824-25.JPG
  • Weenhayek indigenous fishers harvest fish from the Pilcomayo River outside of Villamontes, Bolivia. The river has been plagued by contamination from upstream mining and road construction, and the Weenhayek have had to struggle against large agricultural plantations and cattleraisers to retain access to the river.
    bolivia_2014_jeffrey_chaco_824-24.JPG
  • Tomas Rivero fishes for a living on the Pilcomayo River outside of Villamontes, Bolivia. He is a leader of the Union of Pilcomayo River Fishers, and an advocate for cleaning up the river, which has been plagued by contamination from upstream mining and road construction.
    bolivia_2014_jeffrey_chaco_824-12.JPG
  • A boy loads powdered milk on a raft for transport from Mexico to Guatemala across the Suchiate River near Ciudad Hidalgo, Mexico. The river forms a portion of the border between Guatemala and Mexico, and this spot is a major crossing point for northbound immigrants.
    mexico-2013-jeffrey-migrants-C458.JPG
  • Migrants and others cross the Suchiate River where it forms a border between Guatemala and Mexico. The river crossing is part of the main route that Central American migrants follow on their way north.
    mexico-2013-jeffrey-migrants-C422.JPG
  • A Mexican television reporter records a news report on International Migrants Day on December 18, 2013, as migrants and others cross the Suchiate River where it forms a border between Guatemala and Mexico. The river crossing is part of the main route that Central American migrants follow on their way north.
    mexico-2013-jeffrey-migrants-C413.JPG
  • A Mexican television reporter records a news report on International Migrants Day on December 18, 2013, as migrants and others cross the Suchiate River where it forms a border between Guatemala and Mexico. The river crossing is part of the main route that Central American migrants follow on their way north.
    mexico-2013-jeffrey-migrants-C412.JPG
  • Migrants and others cross the Suchiate River where it forms a border between Guatemala and Mexico. The river crossing is part of the main route that Central American migrants follow on their way north.
    mexico-2013-jeffrey-migrants-C353.JPG
  • Migrants and others cross the Suchiate River where it forms a border between Guatemala and Mexico. The river crossing is part of the main route that Central American migrants follow on their way north.
    mexico-2013-jeffrey-migrants-C334.JPG
  • Crisanto Pop Ax stands in the front of his launch as it drifts down the Salinas River at Santa Elena, in Guatemala's Peten region. Here the river forms the border between Guatemala and Mexico.
    guatemala-2009-jeffrey-peten-52.jpg
  • Accompanied by his son Juan, Crisanto Pop Ax steers his launch down the Salinas River at Santa Elena, in Guatemala's Peten region. Here the river forms the border between Guatemala and Mexico.
    guatemala-2009-jeffrey-peten-47.jpg
  • Accompanied by his son Juan, Crisanto Pop Ax steers his launch down the Salinas River at Santa Elena, in Guatemala's Peten region. Here the river forms the border between Guatemala and Mexico.
    guatemala-2009-jeffrey-peten-48.jpg
  • A girl stands at sunset in front of the Salinas River in Santa Elena, Guatemala. On the other side of the river is Mexico.
    guatemala-2009-jeffrey-peten-38.jpg
  • Children playing at sunset in the Salinas River in Santa Elena, Guatemala. On the other side of the river is Mexico.
    guatemala-2009-jeffrey-peten-35.jpg
  • Children playing at sunset in the Salinas River in Santa Elena, Guatemala. On the other side of the river is Mexico.
    guatemala-2009-jeffrey-peten-32.jpg
  • A Wichi indigenous man uses a net to catch a fish in the Pilcomayo River in Santa Victoria Este, Argentina. The Wichi in this area, largely traditional hunters and gatherers, have struggled for decades to recover land that has been systematically stolen from them by cattleraisers and large agricultural plantations, and to preserve their access to a river which has suffered increasing levels of contamination from upstream mining and other uses. After years of negotiation supported by Church World Service, a landmark 2014 agreement will divide the land in this region between indigenous communities and settlers, guaranteeing the survival of the Wichi and their access to the river.
    argentina_2014_jeffrey_chaco_822-37.JPG
  • A Wichi indigenous man uses a net to catch a fish in the Pilcomayo River in Santa Victoria Este, Argentina. The Wichi in this area, largely traditional hunters and gatherers, have struggled for decades to recover land that has been systematically stolen from them by cattleraisers and large agricultural plantations, and to preserve their access to a river which has suffered increasing levels of contamination from upstream mining and other uses. After years of negotiation supported by Church World Service, a landmark 2014 agreement will divide the land in this region between indigenous communities and settlers, guaranteeing the survival of the Wichi and their access to the river.
    argentina_2014_jeffrey_chaco_822-36.JPG
  • A Wichi indigenous man uses a net to catch a fish in the Pilcomayo River in Santa Victoria Este, Argentina. The Wichi in this area, largely traditional hunters and gatherers, have struggled for decades to recover land that has been systematically stolen from them by cattleraisers and large agricultural plantations, and to preserve their access to a river which has suffered increasing levels of contamination from upstream mining and other uses. After years of negotiation supported by Church World Service, a landmark 2014 agreement will divide the land in this region between indigenous communities and settlers, guaranteeing the survival of the Wichi and their access to the river.
    argentina_2014_jeffrey_chaco_822-35.JPG
  • A Wichi indigenous man uses a net to catch a fish in the Pilcomayo River in Santa Victoria Este, Argentina. The Wichi in this area, largely traditional hunters and gatherers, have struggled for decades to recover land that has been systematically stolen from them by cattleraisers and large agricultural plantations, and to preserve their access to a river which has suffered increasing levels of contamination from upstream mining and other uses. After years of negotiation supported by Church World Service, a landmark 2014 agreement will divide the land in this region between indigenous communities and settlers, guaranteeing the survival of the Wichi and their access to the river.
    argentina_2014_jeffrey_chaco_822-34.JPG
  • Jorge Pinto, a Wichi indigenous man, casts his fishing net into the Pilcomayo River in Santa Victoria Este, Argentina. The Wichi in this area, largely traditional hunters and gatherers, have struggled for decades to recover land that has been systematically stolen from them by cattleraisers and large agricultural plantations, and to preserve their access to a river which has suffered increasing levels of contamination from upstream mining and other uses. After years of negotiation supported by Church World Service, a landmark 2014 agreement will divide the land in this region between indigenous communities and settlers, guaranteeing the survival of the Wichi and their access to the river.
    argentina_2014_jeffrey_chaco_822-32.JPG
  • A farmer walks along an eroded riverbank in Kunderpara, a village on an island in the Brahmaputra River in northern Bangladesh. Severe flooding in August 2017 eroded the bank of the river, washing away part of the rice farm above.
    bangladesh-2017-jeffrey-flooding-A38...JPG
  • An eroded riverbank in Kunderpara, a village on an island in the Brahmaputra River in northern Bangladesh. Severe flooding in August 2017 eroded the bank of the river, washing away part of the rice field above.
    bangladesh-2017-jeffrey-flooding-A00...JPG
  • Rio Gallo. One of many dry river beds in the region of northern Nicaragua. Climate change has brought prolonged droughts to the area, for several years the rain has been erratic and insufficient, causing loss of crops year after year, and a drop in the water table drying up rivers and wells. ELCA supports projects for the adaptation of communities to climate change, and the perforation of deep wells for drinking water and for irrigation.
    Nicaragua_Hawkey_ELCA_0171.jpg
  • Maryan Alvarez in the Tecomapa River, in La Pavana, Somotillo, Nicaragua. One of many rivers in the area of northern Nicaragua that haven't had a flow of water in them for years.
    Nicaragua_Hawkey_ELCA_0139.jpg
  • A man brings an ox-drawn cart along the dry river bed of the Choluteca river in Honduras, carrying firewood. As the prolonged drought here, linked to climate change, continues, farmers resort to chopping down their trees to sell as firewood to make ends meet, further exacerbating the environmental crisis.
    Honduras_Hawkey_BertaCaceres_2017022...jpg
  • The bridge over the Rio Choluteca at the entrance to Choluteca city. The river has been reduced to dry strips and puddles.
    Honduras_Hawkey_Choluteca_20170223_4...jpg
  • 7 March 2018, Arusha, Tanzania: Elhadi prepares the field to grow onions, in Usa River. The Usa River 2 project is supported by the Meru Diocese of the Evangelical Lutheran Church in Tanzania's Sustainable Livelihood programme, designed to support sustainable agriculture through biogas production and diverse practices, so as to keep the soil in good shape through many decades of work on the land.
    PhotoByAlbinHillert_20180307_AH2_873...jpg
  • Children play under a bridge on the Rio Iztoca, Choluteca, Honduras. With the prolonged droughts affecting the area because of climate change, the river is mainly dried up.
    Honduras_Hawkey_LWF_0012.jpg
  • 7 March 2018, Arusha, Tanzania: Elhadi prepares the field to grow onions, in Usa River. The Usa River 2 project is supported by the Meru Diocese of the Evangelical Lutheran Church in Tanzania's Sustainable Livelihood programme, designed to support sustainable agriculture through biogas production and diverse practices, so as to keep the soil in good shape through many decades of work on the land.
    PhotoByAlbinHillert_20180307_AH2_874...jpg
  • A raft of firewood floats past Nyikan, a small village along the Akobo River in South Sudan, near the country's border with Ethiopia. <br />
<br />
Rudderless and without a motor, the rafts are at the mercy of the river's currents, yet they provide a major source of fuel for residents of small towns along the river.<br />
<br />
Photo by Paul Jeffrey for the ACT Alliance.
    south-sudan-2021-jeffrey-akobo-0652.jpg
  • Tens of thousands of migrants and refugees cross the Rio Suchiate on rafts each year, the river is the natural border between Guatemala and Mexico. Many cross the river on rafts.
    Honduras_migration_Hawkey_20210712_5...jpg
  • Tens of thousands of migrants and refugees cross the Rio Suchiate on rafts each year, the river is the natural border between Guatemala and Mexico. Many cross the river on rafts.
    Honduras_migration_Hawkey_20210711_4...jpg
  • Tens of thousands of migrants and refugees cross the Rio Suchiate on rafts each year, the river is the natural border between Guatemala and Mexico. Many cross the river on rafts.
    Honduras_migration_Hawkey_20210712_4...jpg
  • Tens of thousands of migrants and refugees cross the Rio Suchiate on rafts each year, the river is the natural border between Guatemala and Mexico. Many cross the river on rafts.
    Honduras_migration_Hawkey_20210711_4...jpg
  • Tens of thousands of migrants and refugees cross the Rio Suchiate on rafts each year, the river is the natural border between Guatemala and Mexico. Many cross the river on rafts.
    Honduras_migration_Hawkey_20210712_4...jpg
  • Tens of thousands of migrants and refugees cross the Rio Suchiate on rafts each year, the river is the natural border between Guatemala and Mexico. Many cross the river on rafts.
    Honduras_migration_Hawkey_20210711_4...jpg
  • Tens of thousands of migrants and refugees cross the Rio Suchiate on rafts each year, the river is the natural border between Guatemala and Mexico. Many cross the river on rafts.
    Honduras_migration_Hawkey_20210711_4...jpg
  • Tens of thousands of migrants and refugees cross the Rio Suchiate on rafts each year, the river is the natural border between Guatemala and Mexico. Many cross the river on rafts.
    Honduras_migration_Hawkey_20210711_4...jpg
  • Tens of thousands of migrants and refugees cross the Rio Suchiate on rafts each year, the river is the natural border between Guatemala and Mexico. Many cross the river on rafts.
    Honduras_migration_Hawkey_20210711_4...jpg
  • Tens of thousands of migrants and refugees cross the Rio Suchiate on rafts each year, the river is the natural border between Guatemala and Mexico. Many cross the river on rafts.
    Honduras_migration_Hawkey_20210711_4...jpg
  • Ewer Alexander Cedillo and Daniel Márquez in prison in Olancho. <br />
<br />
They have already spent 15 months in prison without trial and are currently in Olanchito Penitenciary in Yoro. From Guapinol, they have protected the Guapinol river from a mining company.<br />
<br />
José Daniel: "We are victims of injustice, the only crime our families have committed is to struggle against the Los Pinares mining company that is polluting the Guapinol river."<br />
<br />
José Daniel: “Nosotros somos víctimas de la injusticia, el único delito que han cometido nuestros familiares, es luchar contra la empresa minera Los Pinares, que contamina el río Guapinol
    Honduras_Hawkey_Eta_Iota_107.jpg
  • A wedding party crosses the Ganges River to celebrate a wedding on the shores of the sacred river near Varanasi.
    india-2004-jeffrey-misc-Y68.jpg
  • An Indian bride and groom cross the Ganges River to celebrate their wedding on the shores of the sacred river near Varanasi.
    india-2004-jeffrey-misc-Y67.jpg
  • An Indian bride and groom celebrate their wedding on the shores of the Ganges River near Varanasi.
    india-2004-jeffrey-misc-Y55.jpg
  • 7 March 2018, Arusha, Tanzania: Usa River. The Usa River 2 project is supported by the Meru Diocese of the Evangelical Lutheran Church in Tanzania's Sustainable Livelihood programme, designed to support sustainable agriculture through biogas production and diverse practices, so as to keep the soil in good shape through many decades of work on the land.
    PhotoByAlbinHillert_20180307_AH2_867...jpg
  • 7 March 2018, Arusha, Tanzania: Hussein prepares the field to grow onions, in Usa River. The Usa River 2 project is supported by the Meru Diocese of the Evangelical Lutheran Church in Tanzania's Sustainable Livelihood programme, designed to support sustainable agriculture through biogas production and diverse practices, so as to keep the soil in good shape through many decades of work on the land.
    PhotoByAlbinHillert_20180307_AH1_043...jpg
  • A girl carries laundry to wash as she walks alongside the Salinas River at Santa Elena, in Guatemala's Peten region. Here the river forms the border between Guatemala and Mexico, which can be seen on the far bank.
    guatemala-2009-jeffrey-peten-56.jpg
  • Sebastian Yat shows a worm that has devasted the corn crop growing on the Mexican bank of the Salinas River near Santa Elena, in Guatemala's Peten region. The river forms the border between Guatemala and Mexico here, and Guatemalan farmers often cultivate on the Mexican side, slashing and burning the jungle to clear land for cultivation. Yet flooding and pests such as worm infestations have plagued the harvests.
    guatemala-2009-jeffrey-peten-50.jpg
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